Which legal document protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures?

The Fourth Amendment is the specific legal document that protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures. It is part of the Bill of Rights, which comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. The Fourth Amendment clearly states that individuals have the right to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures, and it establishes requirements for obtaining warrants based on probable cause.

While the Constitution as a whole provides a framework for the government and individual rights, it is the Fourth Amendment that specifically addresses the issue of searches and seizures. The Bill of Rights includes the Fourth Amendment, but it does not independently provide the protections that the Fourth Amendment does. The Declaration of Independence, on the other hand, focuses on the principles of individual liberty and the justification for separation from British rule, lacking any specific legal provisions regarding searches or seizures. Thus, the Fourth Amendment is the precise answer as it directly articulates the protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.